Johnson-Reed Immigration Restriction Act of 1924

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The Answer is The Johnson-Reed Immigration Restriction Act of 1924, also known as the Immigration Act of 1924 or the National Origins Act, was a United States federal law that limited the number of immigrants allowed entry into the United States through a national origins quota. The quota provided immigration visas to two percent of the total number of people of each nationality in the United States as of the 1890 national census. It completely excluded immigrants from Asia, except for those from countries with special agreements or treaties with the United States, such as the Philippines.

The purpose of the act was to preserve the ideal of U.S. homogeneity and to prevent the dilution of American culture and racial makeup by limiting the influx of immigrants from certain countries, particularly those from Southern and Eastern Europe, which were seen as less desirable at the time. The act reflected the nativist and xenophobic sentiments that were prevalent in the United States during the early 20th century.

The 1924 Act was a revision of the Emergency Quota Act of 1921, which had established the first numerical restrictions on immigration. The 1924 Act set quotas at 2% of the foreign-born population of that nationality as recorded in the 1890 census. This favored immigrants from Western and Northern European countries with longer histories of settlement in the United States, while it disadvantaged immigrants from Eastern and Southern Europe and virtually excluded Asians.

The act also included a provision excluding entry to those ineligible for citizenship, which effectively barred entry to most Asians, as existing naturalization laws allowed only whites and people of African descent to become U.S. citizens at that time.

The Johnson-Reed Act's quotas remained in place with minor alterations until the Immigration and Nationality Act of 1965, which replaced the national origins formula with a system that was less discriminatory and based on skills and family reunification preferences. The 1965 Act marked a significant change in American immigration policy, opening the door to immigrants from all parts of the world and leading to greater diversity in the immigrant population of the United States.

Johnson-Reed Immigration Restriction Act of 1924

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Johnson-Reed Immigration Restriction Act of 1924

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