A Patient Who Has Severe Pain Associated with Terminal Liver

A patient who has severe pain associated with terminal liver cancer is being cared for at home by family members. Which finding by the nurse indicates that teaching regarding pain management has been effective?

A) The patient agrees to take the medications by the IV route in order to improve analgesic effectiveness.
B) The patient uses the ordered opioid pain medication whenever the pain is greater than 5 (0 to 10 scale) .
C) The patient takes opioids around the clock on a regular schedule and uses additional doses when breakthrough pain occurs.
D) The patient states that nonopioid analgesics may be used when the maximal dose of the opioid is reached without adequate pain relief.

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