Babies Born with Low Birth Weights (Less Than 2500 Grams)

Babies born with low birth weights (less than 2500 grams) are at an increased risk for many infant diseases. Researchers in North Carolina collected data to see what variables may influence the birth weight (in grams) of a child, including whether the mother drank alcohol during pregnancy, whether the mother smoked during pregnancy, the mother's age (years) , the gestation of the pregnancy (number of weeks from conception until birth) , the mother's race, the length of the birth (hours) , and several others. The plot below summarizes some of the variables measured.
-How would the correlation coefficient between birth weight and gestation period computed from all women in the sample compare to the correlation coefficient between birth weight and gestation period computed from only non-smoking women?

A) The correlation coefficient for the entire sample would be closer to 1 than the correlation coefficient for the non-smoking group.
B) The correlation coefficient for the entire sample would be closer to 0 than the correlation coefficient for the non-smoking group.
C) The correlation coefficient for the entire sample would be the same as the correlation coefficient for the non-smoking group.
D) We cannot determine how the two correlation coefficients compare based on this plot.

Correct Answer:

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