Although Many Cells Undergo Mutation During an Animal's Lifetime, Malignancy

Although many cells undergo mutation during an animal's lifetime, malignancy is rare since

A) only a small fraction of the genome encodes proteins involved in cell cycle regulation, so the probability of mutation of these genes is low.
B) generally multiple mutations are required to turn a normal cell into a cancer cell.
C) immune surveillance results in nascent cancer cells being eliminated by cytotoxic T-cells.
D) all of these.
E) none of these.

Correct Answer:

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