__________ Defended Hard Determinism by Stating: "Man Is a Purely

__________ defended hard determinism by stating: "Man is a purely physical being. . . . [He is] subject to . . . immutable laws. . . . Man's life is a line that Nature commands him to describe upon the surface of the earth: without his ever being able to swerve from it even for an instant. He is born without his own consent [and] he is unceasingly modified by causes, whether visible or concealed, over which he has no control. . . . Nevertheless, despite of the shackles by which he is bound, it is pretended he is a free agent, or that independent of the causes by which he is moved, he determines his own will; regulates his own condition."

A) William James
B) Baron d'Holbach
C) Immanuel Kant
D) David Hume

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