Lymph Hearts Are Pumping Structures That Drive Lymph Through the Lymphatic

Lymph hearts are pumping structures that drive lymph through the lymphatic system,returning it to the circulatory system at the large veins entering the heart.Researchers examined rate and strength of pumping of lymph hearts in two species of amphibians,a toad (Bufo marinus) and a frog (Rana catesbiana) .During hemorrhage or dehydration,the volume of blood in the circulatory system falls.(E.A.DeGrauw and S.S.Hillman.2004.General function and endocrine control of the posterior lymph hearts in Bufo marinus and Rana catesbiana.Physiological and Biochemical Zoology 77(4) :594-600.) What effect would increasing lymph heart pressure have first?

A) Blood volume would increase.
B) Blood volume would decrease.
C) Hemorrhage would increase.
D) Hemorrhage would decrease.
E) There would be no impact on blood volume or hemorrhage

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