ÉMile Durkheim, the Earliest Sociologist to Defend a Functional Account

Émile Durkheim, the earliest sociologist to defend a functional account of crime defended which of the following positions?

A) Properly understood crime and its punishment are beneficial to society.
B) Crime is partly the result of historical forces.
C) Punishment should be directed primarily at eliminating the material incentives to the criminal behaviour.
D) Crime and punishment are defined by, and controlled in the interests of, the powerful groups in society.

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