A 53-Year-Old Man Arrives at the Emergency Room After Experiencing

A 53-year-old man arrives at the emergency room after experiencing severe heartburn and difficulty swallowing for several weeks. He has had mild to moderate heartburn for several years and has tried weight loss, elevating the head of his bed while sleeping, and proton pump inhibitor therapy for several months. Hypertension and hypothyroidism are two other medical issues. The temperature is 36.7 C (98.1 F) , the blood pressure is 130/80 mm Hg, the pulse rate is 78 bpm, and the respirations rate is 16/ min. The BMI is 25 kg/m2². The physical exam is unremarkable. An upper gastrointestinal endoscopy is performed, and an esophageal biopsy reveals columnar epithelium with goblet cells interspersed. A similar adaptive response can be seen in which of the following scenarios?

A) Bronchial epithelial cells in a chronic cigarette smoker
B) Epidermal cells in a patient with psoriasis
C) Melanocytes in a large, irregular mole
D) Myocardial cells in a patient with aortic stenosis
E) Skeletal myocytes after prolonged immobility

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