A 71-Year-Old Man with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Is

A 71-year-old man with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is hospitalized due to shortness of breath and wheezing.  The patient is treated with bronchodilators and systemic corticosteroids for acute COPD exacerbation.  His symptoms improve over the next 2 days.  Before being discharged, an intramuscular vaccine containing inactivated viral components, which he normally receives annually, is administered.  Several weeks later, the patient comes in close contact with an individual infected with the same virus contained in the vaccine.  Which of the following is most likely to occur in this patient as a result of the vaccination?

A) Destruction of infected cells by CD8⁺ T lymphocytes
B) Impaired intracellular viral assembly
C) Impaired release of viral progeny from cells
D) Inhibition of viral entry into cells
E) Inhibition of viral genome replication

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