A Group of Infectious Disease Specialists Interested in the Rising

A group of infectious disease specialists interested in the rising prevalence of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis conducts a study to determine predisposing risk factors for the condition.  First, they identify 40 patients with multidrug-resistant (MDR) tuberculosis and 64 with pansensitive tuberculosis who were admitted to the hospital over the last 5 years.  They then review the patients' past medical records and consider demographic characteristics, previous anti-tuberculosis treatment, HIV status, and major comorbidities as potential risk factors for MDR tuberculosis development.  They then compare the frequencies of these potential risk factors between the groups.  Which of the following best describes the study design being used?

A) Case control study
B) Cross-sectional study
C) Prospective cohort study
D) Randomized control trial
E) Retrospective cohort study

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