Scientists Investigating the Specifics of Kidney Function in Humans Develop

Scientists investigating the specifics of kidney function in humans develop a new technique allowing them to measure the concentration of various compounds along the length of the proximal tubule.  During an experiment, they record the concentrations of several endogenous substances in the fluid traversing the proximal tubule.  Tubular fluid/plasma ultrafiltrate concentration ratios for the measured substances are shown in the image below: Which of the following substances are most likely to produce lines 2 and 4, respectively?

A) Bicarbonate, sodium
B) Creatinine, amino acids
C) Creatinine, glucose
D) Potassium, chloride
E) Urea, bicarbonate

Correct Answer:

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