A 23-Year-Old Man Is Brought to the Emergency Department by His

A 23-year-old man is brought to the emergency department by his roommate due to progressive weakness and confusion.  The roommate says that the patient has been "drinking water all of the time and using the bathroom constantly" since he got sick with a cold 2 days ago.  Temperature is 37.8 C (100 F) , blood pressure is 96/58 mm Hg, and pulse is 112/min.  Physical examination shows dry mucous membranes and his urine has a strong, fruity odor.  Laboratory results are as follows: Based on the current laboratory findings, which of the following is most likely occurring in this patient?

A) Adrenal insufficiency
B) Increased renal bicarbonate loss
C) Low plasma renin activity
D) Renal tubular necrosis
E) Respiratory failure

Correct Answer:

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