A Day-Old Girl Is Being Evaluated in the Newborn Nursery

A day-old girl is being evaluated in the newborn nursery.  The patient was born at 39 weeks gestation to a 38-year-old primigravida who immigrated to the United States during her third trimester.  The patient had a strong cry and good tone at delivery but appears small for gestational age.  Apgar scores were 8 and 9 at 1 and 5 minutes, respectively.  Physical examination demonstrates white pupils bilaterally.  A continuous harsh murmur is heard over the left infraclavicular area.  The abdomen is nondistended, and there is no hepatosplenomegaly.  Both ears fail the hearing screening.  Which of the following maternal interventions would have most likely prevented this infant's condition?

A) Maternal administration of a killed vaccine during pregnancy
B) Maternal administration of a live attenuated vaccine before conception
C) Maternal perinatal antibiotic treatment
D) Maternal vitamin intake throughout pregnancy
E) Viral enzyme inhibitor drug intake during the third trimester

Correct Answer:

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