The Aim of a Prospective Cohort Study Conducted in a Group

The aim of a prospective cohort study conducted in a group of adults with diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is to investigate the association between the presence of morbid obesity (BMI >40 kg/m²) and the risk of developing diabetic nephropathy.  One of the groups in the study consists of adults with T2DM, a BMI >40 kg/m², and no diabetic nephropathy.  Which of the following is the most appropriate comparison group for this prospective cohort study?

A) Adults with T2DM who have morbid obesity (BMI >40 kg/m²) and diabetic nephropathy
B) Adults with T2DM who have normal weight (BMI 18.5 to <25 kg/m²) and diabetic nephropathy
C) Adults with T2DM who have normal weight (BMI 18.5 to <25 kg/m²) and no diabetic nephropathy
D) Adults without T2DM who have morbid obesity (BMI >40 kg/m²) and no diabetic nephropathy
E) Adults without T2DM who have normal weight (BMI 18.5 to <25 kg/m²) and diabetic nephropathy

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