An Experimental Psychologist Studies Rat Behavior

An experimental psychologist studies rat behavior. The psychologist runs rats through a maze, under different scent conditions. At the end of the maze is cheese. Sometimes the maze is lit, and sometimes it is dark. During each run, the rats are subjected to different scents (cat pheromone, the smell of cheddar cheese, tiger pheromone, the smell of rat feces) at crucial decision points in the maze. The psychologist measures the time it takes the rats to finish the maze. What could be considered independent variables in this study?

A) The rats
B) Light versus dark
C) The psychologist
D) The amount of time the rats take to finish the maze
E) The scents
F) The cheese at the end of the maze
G) Rat behavior

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