How Do Astronomers Know That the Caloris Basin on Mercury

How do astronomers know that the Caloris Basin on Mercury was formed late in the period of intense bombardment?

A) Radioactive dating of rock samples has fixed the date of formation.
B) The basin contains very few craters.
C) The surface of the basin is much darker than the rest of the planet, suggesting that the surface had not yet been churned over by meteoric impacts.
D) Mountain ranges in the basin are very high because they have not had time to suffer significant erosion.

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