A Researcher Hypothesizes That Individuals Differ in Support for a Balanced

A researcher hypothesizes that individuals differ in support for a balanced budget amendment based upon their partisan affiliation. He controls for education level and finds that highly educated Democrats are twenty-seven points less likely to support a balanced budget amendment than highly educated Republicans, but Democrats with lower education are two points more likely to support a balanced budget than Republicans with lower education. What's going on here?

A) an additive relationship between education and partisanship
B) a spurious relationship between education and partisanship
C) a zero-order relationship between education and partisanship
D) an interaction between education and partisanship

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